Peru is a country that beckons adventurers, history buffs, and foodies alike with its rich tapestry of ancient civilizations, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture. From the bustling streets of Lima to the misty peaks of Machu Picchu, a journey through Peru offers countless opportunities to explore the extraordinary. This guide will take you through some of Peru's must-see destinations, providing tips on what to do, where to go, and how much time to spend in each location.

Stops along this Peru Trip

Lima (2-3 days)

Lima, the capital of Peru, is a city of contrasts where colonial architecture meets modern skyscrapers, and world-class cuisine is just as much a part of the experience as its historical sights. As the gateway to Peru, Lima offers a vibrant introduction to the country’s culture and history.

Sights

• Plaza Mayor: The heart of Lima, Plaza Mayor is surrounded by historical landmarks including the Government Palace, the Cathedral of Lima, and the Archbishop's Palace. It's the perfect place to start exploring the city's rich history.
• Larco Museum: This museum is home to an extensive collection of pre-Columbian art, including ceramics, textiles, and gold artifacts. The museum also features a unique gallery of erotic pottery, which offers a fascinating insight into ancient Peruvian culture.
• Barranco: Known as the bohemian district of Lima, Barranco is filled with colorful street art, trendy cafes, and galleries. Stroll through its charming streets, visit the Puente de los Suspiros (Bridge of Sighs), and soak up the artistic vibe.
• Huaca Pucllana: An ancient adobe pyramid located in the heart of the city, Huaca Pucllana dates back to the Lima culture around 500 AD. A guided tour offers insights into the site's historical significance.

Arequipa (2-3 days)

Known as the "White City" due to its beautiful white volcanic stone buildings, Arequipa is a city steeped in history and surrounded by stunning natural beauty. Its rich colonial heritage and dramatic landscapes make it a must-visit destination.

Sights

• Santa Catalina Monastery: A colorful, walled city within a city, the Santa Catalina Monastery is one of Arequipa’s most iconic sights. The monastery offers a fascinating glimpse into the life of cloistered nuns in the 16th century.
• Plaza de Armas: The central square of Arequipa is surrounded by colonial-era buildings, including the stunning Basilica Cathedral of Arequipa. It's a great spot to relax, people-watch, and take in the beauty of the city.
• Colca Canyon: Just a few hours from Arequipa, Colca Canyon is one of the deepest canyons in the world. The canyon is famous for its dramatic scenery, traditional villages, and as a prime spot to see the majestic Andean condor.
• Yanahuara: A charming neighborhood known for its narrow streets, whitewashed buildings, and the beautiful Yanahuara Church. The Yanahuara viewpoint offers panoramic views of Arequipa and the surrounding volcanoes.

Colca Canyon (2 days)

The Colca Canyon, twice as deep as the Grand Canyon, is a natural wonder that should not be missed. With its stunning landscapes, traditional villages, and incredible wildlife, it’s a paradise for nature lovers and adventurers.

Sights

• Cruz del Condor: The best viewpoint in Colca Canyon to see the Andean condor in flight. Arrive early in the morning to catch these magnificent birds soaring on thermal currents.
• Chivay: The main town in the Colca Valley, Chivay is a great base for exploring the canyon. Visit the local market, soak in the nearby hot springs, and enjoy the stunning views of the surrounding mountains.
• Uyo Uyo Ruins: An ancient pre-Incan settlement located near the town of Yanque. The ruins offer a fascinating glimpse into the history of the Colca Valley and are surrounded by beautiful scenery.
• Oasis Sangalle: Located at the bottom of the canyon, this lush oasis is a popular stop for trekkers. The area is known for its palm trees, swimming pools, and stunning views of the canyon walls.

Lake Titicaca (2-3 days)

Lake Titicaca, the highest navigable lake in the world, is a place of serene beauty and deep cultural significance. The lake is home to ancient communities that have maintained their traditional way of life for centuries.

Sights

• Amantaní Island: Spend a night with a local family on Amantaní Island and experience traditional Quechua culture firsthand. The island is known for its terraced hills, ancient temples, and stunning views of the lake.
• Taquile Island: Famous for its vibrant textile art, Taquile Island is a UNESCO-recognized site where locals still wear traditional clothing and maintain age-old customs. The island offers breathtaking views and a peaceful atmosphere.
• Uros Floating Islands: These unique man-made islands are constructed entirely of totora reeds by the Uros people. Visiting the islands offers a fascinating insight into this ancient way of life.
• Puno: The main city on the shores of Lake Titicaca, Puno is known for its vibrant festivals, colonial architecture, and as the starting point for exploring the lake and its islands.

Cusco (3-4 days)

Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, is a city steeped in history, with its cobblestone streets, colonial buildings, and Incan ruins. It’s the perfect base for exploring the Sacred Valley and preparing for your journey to Machu Picchu.

Sights

• Puka Pukara Archaeological Complex: A red fortress located on the hills overlooking Cusco, Puka Pukara is believed to have served as a military outpost or hunting lodge for Incan nobility.
• Q'enco Archaeological Complex: An ancient site used for ceremonial purposes, Q'enco is known for its large carved rock formations, underground chambers, and intricate carvings.
• Tambomachay: Also known as the "Inca Baths," Tambomachay is a site that features a series of aqueducts, canals, and waterfalls. It is believed to have been used for ritualistic bathing or water worship.
• Ccochahuasi Animal Sanctuary: A sanctuary dedicated to the rescue and rehabilitation of native Peruvian wildlife, including condors, pumas, and llamas. It’s a great place to learn about and support local conservation efforts.
• Urubamba Valley (Sacred Valley): A fertile valley that was sacred to the Incas, the Sacred Valley is home to picturesque villages, ancient ruins, and vibrant markets. It’s an excellent place to explore Incan history and culture.
• Pisac: A village in the Sacred Valley known for its impressive Incan ruins, traditional market, and beautiful scenery. The Pisac ruins offer stunning views over the valley and a glimpse into Incan agricultural practices.
• Pumamarca: A lesser-known archaeological site near Ollantaytambo, Pumamarca is a hidden gem with impressive stone structures, terraces, and beautiful views of the surrounding mountains.

Ollantaytambo (2 days)

Ollantaytambo, often referred to as the "Living Inca Town," is one of the best-preserved Incan settlements in Peru. The town is a gateway to Machu Picchu and offers a fascinating mix of history, culture, and stunning scenery.

Sights

• Ollantaytambo Ruins: An impressive archaeological site that served as a fortress, temple, and agricultural center for the Incas. The ruins are perched on a hillside, offering panoramic views of the town and surrounding valley.
• Sitio arqueológico Pinkuylluna: A smaller, lesser-known Incan site located on the opposite side of the valley from the main ruins. The hike to Pinkuylluna offers stunning views and a more secluded experience.
• Moray: An archaeological site known for its unique circular terraces, which were used by the Incas for agricultural experiments. The site is an engineering marvel and a must-see for history enthusiasts.
• Maras: A small town known for its salt ponds, which have been used since Incan times. The salt mines of Maras offer a unique and colorful landscape, perfect for photography.
• Machu Colca: Another set of terraces and ruins near Ollantaytambo, offering stunning views and insights into Incan agricultural practices.
• Chinchero: A traditional Andean village known for its vibrant market and beautiful colonial church built on top of Incan foundations. Chinchero is a great place to shop for handmade textiles and immerse yourself in local culture.

Machu Picchu (1-2 days)

Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, is the crown jewel of any trip to Peru. This ancient Incan citadel, set high in the Andes Mountains, is a marvel of engineering and a symbol of the Inca Empire.

Sights

• Intihuatana Stone: An ancient ritual stone associated with astronomical observations. The stone is one of the few that was not destroyed by the Spanish and is believed to have been used by the Incas as a sundial.
• Temple of the Sun: A sacred temple dedicated to Inti, the Incan sun god. The temple is known for its precision stonework and its strategic placement within the citadel.
• Temple of the Three Windows: A beautifully constructed temple that offers stunning views over the Sacred Plaza and the surrounding mountains. The three windows are believed to symbolize the three realms of Incan mythology.
• The Inca Bridge: A narrow stone bridge that served as a secret entrance to Machu Picchu. The trail to the bridge offers breathtaking views and a glimpse into the defensive strategies of the Incas.

Iquitos (2-3 days)

Iquitos, located in the heart of the Amazon Rainforest, is the largest city in the world that cannot be reached by road. It’s the perfect gateway for exploring the incredible biodiversity of the Amazon.

Sights

• Belen Market: A bustling market in the Belen neighborhood of Iquitos, known for its exotic produce, medicinal plants, and vibrant atmosphere. The market is a sensory overload and a must-see for any visitor.
• Belen Floating Village: During the rainy season, much of the Belen neighborhood becomes a floating village, with houses and markets built on stilts. A boat tour through the village offers a unique perspective on life in the Amazon.
• Amazon River Cruises: A cruise along the Amazon River is the best way to explore the incredible biodiversity of the region. From pink river dolphins to exotic birds, the Amazon is teeming with wildlife waiting to be discovered.
• Pilpintuwasi Butterfly Farm: A butterfly farm and animal rescue center located near Iquitos. Pilpintuwasi is dedicated to the conservation of Amazonian wildlife and offers visitors the chance to learn about the region's unique species.

Good to Know

• Language: Spanish is the official language of Peru, but Quechua and other indigenous languages are widely spoken, especially in rural areas. Learning a few basic Spanish phrases will go a long way in enhancing your travel experience.
• Currency: The official currency is the Peruvian Sol (PEN). Credit cards are widely accepted in cities, but it's a good idea to carry cash, especially when traveling to remote areas.
• Transportation: Peru’s public transportation system includes buses, trains, and flights, with buses being the most common way to travel between cities. For exploring rural areas, consider hiring a local guide or renting a car.
• Safety: Peru is generally safe for tourists, but it’s important to stay aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas. Be cautious with your belongings and avoid walking alone at night in unfamiliar areas.

Getting There

• By Air: Most international flights to Peru arrive at Jorge Chávez International Airport (LIM) in Lima. From Lima, domestic flights are available to major cities like Cusco, Arequipa, and Iquitos.
• By Bus: Peru has an extensive bus network that connects major cities and towns. Long-distance buses are comfortable and affordable, making them a popular choice for travelers.
• By Train: Peru’s train network is limited but offers some of the most scenic journeys in the world, including the famous train ride to Machu Picchu and the Andean Explorer from Cusco to Puno.

Best Time to Travel

The best time to visit Peru depends on the region. The dry season (May to September) is ideal for visiting the Andes and Machu Picchu, with clear skies and cooler temperatures. The Amazon region is best visited during the dry season (June to November) when wildlife is easier to spot. Coastal areas, including Lima, are pleasant year-round, with the summer months (December to March) offering the warmest weather.

For Foodies

• Ceviche: Peru’s national dish, ceviche is a must-try. This refreshing dish of marinated raw fish, lime, and chili peppers is a true taste of the coast.
• Lomo Saltado: A popular Peruvian stir-fry made with beef, tomatoes, onions, and potatoes, typically served with rice. It’s a delicious fusion of Peruvian and Chinese flavors.
• Cuy (Guinea Pig): A traditional Andean delicacy, cuy is often roasted and served with potatoes and corn. While it might seem unusual, it’s a must-try for the adventurous eater.
• Pisco Sour: Peru’s national cocktail, made with pisco (a type of brandy), lime juice, simple syrup, egg white, and bitters. It’s the perfect drink to enjoy while watching the sunset over the Andes.
• Ají de Gallina: A comforting dish made with shredded chicken in a creamy, spicy sauce served over rice. It’s a classic Peruvian comfort food that’s sure to satisfy.

Peru is a country that captivates with its history, natural beauty, and culinary delights. From the bustling markets of Lima to the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu, every stop offers a unique glimpse into the soul of this remarkable country. Happy travels!